Partial cooling circulation – the practical way to mitigate the accident of Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant

April 1st, 2011 No comments

Step 1: build a partial circulation to cool the spent fuel bay.

Put a pipe into the middle or low middle of spent fuel bay, pump the water with a strainer and an ion exchanger and a heat exchanger and back to the spent fuel bay.

The strainer should be able to be replaced easily when plugged.

The ion exchanger should also be able to be replaced easily.

Step 2: build more partial circulation as specified in the step 1.

Step 3: decontamination the site.

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The lessons that Nuclear Industry should learn from the accident of Fukushima First Nuclear Power Plant

March 19th, 2011 No comments

Facing the accident of Fukushima First Nuclear Power Plant, Nuclear Industry should consider less economic benefits and more investment on nuclear safety. Nuclear Industry should learn lessons from this accident, and  following could be some of them: 

  • Reevaluate and abandon the mode of multi-reactor operation. The cost efficiency could be maximized with several reactors in the same site, but the safety could be impacted.
  • The spent fuel should be removed more quickly from the nuclear power plant. The spent fuel pool which previously could store 10 core spent fuels should only store in the future about 6 core spent fuels.
  • Standby diesel generators or at least one of them should be moved from ground to underground, some people would think by instinct that the diesel generators should be placed in a higher building, actual an underground place is usually more safe.
  •  More research is needed on how to move the decay heat more safely and efficiently, and how to minimize the decay heat of fuel and spent fuel.
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List of Power Reactor Units in USA

July 8th, 2010 No comments
Plant NameDocket Number ReactorType Location Owner/Operator NRC Region
Arkansas Nuclear 105000313 PWR 6 MI WNW of Russellville,  AR Entergy Nuclear Operations, Inc. 4
Arkansas Nuclear 205000368 PWR 6 MI WNW of Russellville,  AR Entergy Nuclear Operations, Inc. 4
Beaver Valley 105000334 PWR 17 MI W of McCandless,  PA FirstEnergy Nuclear Operating Co. 1
Beaver Valley 205000412 PWR 17 MI W of McCandless,  PA FirstEnergy Nuclear Operating Co. 1
Braidwood 105000456 PWR 24 MI SSW of Joilet,  IL Exelon Generation Co., LLC 3
Braidwood 205000457 PWR 24 MI SSW of Joilet,  IL Exelon Generation Co., LLC 3
Browns Ferry 105000259 BWR 10 MI NW of Decatur,  AL Tennessee Valley Authority 2
Browns Ferry 205000260 BWR 10 MI NW of Decatur,  AL Tennessee Valley Authority 2
Browns Ferry 305000296 BWR 10 MI NW of Decatur,  AL Tennessee Valley Authority 2
Brunswick 105000325 BWR 2 MI N of Southport,  NC Progress Energy 2
Brunswick 205000324 BWR 2 MI N of Southport,  NC Progress Energy 2
Byron 105000454 PWR 17 MI SW of Rockford,  IL Exelon Generation Co., LLC 3
Byron 205000455 PWR 17 MI SW of Rockford,  IL Exelon Generation Co., LLC 3
Callaway05000483 PWR 10 MI SE of Fulton,  MO Ameren UE 4
Calvert Cliffs 105000317 PWR 40 MI S of Annapolis,  MD Constellation Energy 1
Calvert Cliffs 205000318 PWR 40 MI S of Annapolis,  MD Constellation Energy 1
Catawba 105000413 PWR 6 MI NW of Rock Hill,  SC Duke Energy Power Company, LLC 2
Catawba 205000414 PWR 6 MI NW of Rock Hill,  SC Duke Energy Power Company, LLC 2
Clinton05000461 BWR 6 MI E of Clinton,  IL Exelon Generation Co., LLC 3
Columbia Generating Station05000397 BWR 12 MI NW of Richland,  WA Energy Northwest 4
Comanche Peak 105000445 PWR 4 MI N of Glen Rose,  TX TXU Generating Company LP 4
Comanche Peak 205000446 PWR 4 MI N of Glen Rose,  TX TXU Generating Company LP 4
Cooper05000298 BWR 23 MI S of Nebraska City,  NE Nebraska Public Power District 4
Crystal River 305000302 PWR 7 MI NW of Crystal River,  FL Progress Energy 2
D.C. Cook 105000315 PWR 11 MI S of Benton Harbor,  MI Indiana/Michigan Power Co. 3
D.C. Cook 2 05000316 PWR 11 MI S of Benton Harbor,  MI IndianaMichigan Power Co. 3
Davis-Besse05000346 PWR 21 MI ESE of Toledo,  OH FirstEnergy Nuclear Operating Co. 3
Diablo Canyon 105000275 PWR 12 MI WSW of San Luis Obispo,  CA Pacific Gas & Electric Co. 4
Diablo Canyon 205000323 PWR 12 MI WSW of San Luis Obispo,  CA Pacific Gas & Electric Co. 4
Dresden 205000237 BWR 9 MI E of Morris,  IL Exelon Generation Co., LLC 3
Dresden 305000249 BWR 9 MI E of Morris,  IL Exelon Generation Co., LLC 3
Duane Arnold05000331 BWR 8 MI NW of Cedar Rapids,  IA Florida Power & Light Co. 3
Farley 105000348 PWR 18 MI SE of Dothan,  AL Southern Nuclear Operating Co. 2
Farley 205000364 PWR 18 MI SE of Dothan,  AL Southern Nuclear Operating Co. 2
Fermi 205000341 BWR 25 MI NE of Toledo,  OH Detroit Edison Co. 3
FitzPatrick05000333 BWR 8 MI NE of Oswego,  NY Entergy Nuclear Operations, Inc. 1
Fort Calhoun05000285 PWR 19 MI N of Omaha,  NE Omaha Public Power District 4
Ginna05000244 PWR 20 MI NE of Rochester,  NY Constellation Energy 1
Grand Gulf 105000416 BWR 25 MI S of Vicksburg,  MS Entergy Nuclear Operations, Inc. 4
Hatch 105000321 BWR 11 MI N of Baxley,  GA Southern Nuclear Operating Co., Inc. 2
Hatch 205000366 BWR 11 MI N of Baxley,  GA Southern Nuclear Operating Co., Inc. 2
Hope Creek 105000354 BWR 18 MI SE of Wilmington,  DE PSE&G Nuclear 1
Indian Point 205000247 PWR 24 MI N of New York City,  NY Entergy Nuclear Operations, Inc. 1
Indian Point 305000286 PWR 24 MI N of New York City,  NY Entergy Nuclear Operations, Inc. 1
Kewaunee05000305 PWR 27 MI E of Green Bay,  WI Dominion Generation 3
La Salle 105000373 BWR 11 MI SE of Ottawa,  IL Exelon Generation Co., LLC 3
La Salle 205000374 BWR 11 MI SE of Ottawa,  IL Exelon Generation Co., LLC 3
Limerick 105000352 BWR 21 MI NW of Philadelphia,  PA Exelon Generation Co., LLC 1
Limerick 205000353 BWR 21 MI NW of Philadelphia,  PA Exelon Generation Co., LLC 1
McGuire 105000369 PWR 17 MI N of Charlotte,  NC Duke Energy Power Company, LLC 2
McGuire 205000370 PWR 17 MI N of Charlotte,  NC Duke Energy Power Company, LLC 2
Millstone 205000336 PWR 3.2 MI WSW of New London,  CT Dominion Generation 1
Millstone 305000423 PWR 3.2 MI WSW of New London,  CT Dominion Generation 1
Monticello05000263 BWR 30 MI NW of Minneapolis,  MN Nuclear Management Co. 3
Nine Mile Point 105000220 BWR 6 MI NE of Oswego,  NY Constellation Energy 1
Nine Mile Point 205000410 BWR 6 MI NE of Oswego,  NY Constellation Energy 1
North Anna 105000338 PWR 40 MI NW of Richmond,  VA Dominion Generation 2
North Anna 205000339 PWR 40 MI NW of Richmond,  VA Dominion Generation 2
Oconee 105000269 PWR 30 MI W of Greenville,  SC Duke Energy Power Company, LLC 2
Oconee 205000270 PWR 30 MI W of Greenville,  SC Duke Energy Power Company, LLC 2
Oconee 305000287 PWR 30 MI W of Greenville,  SC Duke Energy Power Company, LLC 2
Oyster Creek05000219 BWR 9 MI S of Toms River,  NJ Exelon Generation Co., LLC 1
Palisades05000255 PWR 5 MI S of South Haven,  MI Entergy Nuclear Operations, Inc. 3
Palo Verde 105000528 PWR 36 MI W of Phoenix,  AZ Arizona Public Service Co. 4
Palo Verde 205000529 PWR 36 MI W of Phoenix,  AZ Arizona Public Service Co. 4
Palo Verde 305000530 PWR 36 MI W of Phoenix,  AZ Arizona Public Service Co. 4
Peach Bottom 205000277 BWR 17.9 MI S of Lancaster,  PA Exelon Generation Co., LLC 1
Peach Bottom 305000278 BWR 17.9 MI S of Lancaster,  PA Exelon Generation Co., LLC 1
Perry 105000440 BWR 7 MI NE of Painesville,  OH FirstEnergy Nuclear Operating Co. 3
Pilgrim 105000293 BWR 4 MI SE of Plymouth,  MA Entergy Nuclear Operations, Inc. 1
Point Beach 105000266 PWR 13 MI NNW of Manitowoc,  WI FPL Energy Point Beach, LLC 3
Point Beach 205000301 PWR 13 MI NNW of Manitowoc,  WI FPL Energy Point Beach, LLC 3
Prairie Island 105000282 PWR 28 MI SE of Minneapolis,  MN Nuclear Management Co. 3
Prairie Island 205000306 PWR 28 MI SE of Minneapolis,  MN Nuclear Management Co. 3
Quad Cities 105000254 BWR 20 MI NE of Moline,  IL Exelon Generation Co., LLC 3
Quad Cities 205000265 BWR 20 MI NE of Moline,  IL Exelon Generation Co., LLC 3
River Bend 105000458 BWR 24 MI NNW of Baton Rouge,  LA Entergy Nuclear Operations, Inc. 4
Robinson 205000261 PWR 26 MI from Florence,  SC Progress Energy 2
Saint Lucie 105000335 PWR 12 MI SE of Ft. Pierce,  FL Florida Power & Light Co. 2
Saint Lucie 205000389 PWR 12 MI SE of Ft. Pierce,  FL Florida Power & Light Co. 2
Salem 105000272 PWR 18 MI S of Wilmington,  DE PSE&G Nuclear 1
Salem 205000311 PWR 18 MI S of Wilmington,  DE PSE&G Nuclear 1
San Onofre 205000361 PWR 4 MI SE of San Clemente,  CA Southern California Edison Co. 4
San Onofre 305000362 PWR 4 MI SE of San Clemente,  CA Southern California Edison Co. 4
Seabrook 105000443 PWR 13 MI S of Portsmouth,  NH Florida Power & Light Co. 1
Sequoyah 105000327 PWR 9.5 MI NE of Chattanooga,  TN Tennessee Valley Authority 2
Sequoyah 205000328 PWR 9.5 MI NE of Chattanooga,  TN Tennessee Valley Authority 2
Shearon Harris 105000400 PWR 20 MI SW of Raleigh,  NC Progress Energy 2
South Texas 105000498 PWR 12 MI SSW of Bay City,  TX STP Nuclear Operating Co. 4
South Texas 205000499 PWR 12 MI SSW of Bay City,  TX STP Nuclear Operating Co. 4
Summer05000395 PWR 26 MI NW of Columbia,  SC South Carolina Electric & Gas Co. 2
Surry 105000280 PWR 17 MI NW of Newport News,  VA Dominion Generation 2
Surry 205000281 PWR 17 MI NW of Newport News,  VA Dominion Generation 2
Susquehanna 105000387 BWR 7 MI NE of Berwick,  PA PPL Susquehanna, LLC 1
Susquehanna 205000388 BWR 7 MI NE of Berwick,  PA PPL Susquehanna, LLC 1
Three Mile Island 105000289 PWR 10 MI SE of Harrisburg,  PA Exelon Generation Co., LLC 1
Turkey Point 305000250 PWR 25 MI S of Miami,  FL Florida Power & Light Co. 2
Turkey Point 405000251 PWR 25 MI S of Miami,  FL Florida Power & Light Co. 2
Vermont Yankee05000271 BWR 5 MI S of Brattleboro,  VT Entergy Nuclear Operations, Inc. 1
Vogtle 105000424 PWR 26 MI SE of Augusta,  GA Southern Nuclear Operating Co. 2
Vogtle 205000425 PWR 26 MI SE of Augusta,  GA Southern Nuclear Operating Co. 2
Waterford 305000382 PWR 20 MI W of New Orleans,  LA Entergy Nuclear Operations, Inc. 4
Watts Bar 105000390 PWR 10 MI S of Spring City,  TN Tennessee Valley Authority 2
Wolf Creek 105000482 PWR 3.5 MI NE of Burlington,  KS Wolf Creek Nuclear Operating Corp. 4

from: http://www.nrc.gov/reactors/operating/list-power-reactor-units.html

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